Subsystem: Polyprenyl Diphosphate Biosynthesis
This subsystem's description is:
Isoprenoids are natural compounds synthesized from isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), which is a five-carbon compound, via allylic diphosphates with various carbon numbers (5 x n). Organisms have an appropriate set of prenyl diphosphate synthases that catalyze the condensation of IPP with allylic diphosphates to produce other allylic diphosphates with higher carbon numbers.
In this pathway multiple units of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) undergo a series of polymerizations to form a polyisoprenoid chain.
Additional isoprenoid units are added to a maximal length that is determined by the specific enzyme. Most organisms generate polyprenyl chains of predominantly one length. Once completed, the polyprenyl chain is incorporated into other molecules, such as quinones. The enzyme that attaches the polyprenyl chain to the quinone precursor molecule does not have a preference towards a particular length. Thus, the length of the polyprenyl chain in the mature quinone molecule is determined by the predominant polyprenyl diphosphate synthase enzyme of the organism.
For more information, please check out the description and the additional notes tabs, below
| Literature References | The identification of Escherichia coli ispB (cel) gene encoding the octaprenyl diphosphate synthase. Asai K Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1994 Jul 15 | 8037730 | The ispB gene encoding octaprenyl diphosphate synthase is essential for growth of Escherichia coli. Okada K Journal of bacteriology 1997 May | 9139929 | Use of genomics to identify bacterial undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthetase: cloning, expression, and characterization of the essential uppS gene. Apfel CM Journal of bacteriology 1999 Jan | 9882662 | Isoprenyl diphosphate synthases. Wang KC Biochimica et biophysica acta 2000 Dec 15 | 11111076 |
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| Diagram | Functional Roles | Subsystem Spreadsheet | Description | Additional Notes | Scenarios | |||||||||
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